Croup is a common viral infection in young children that affects the voice box (larynx) and the windpipe (trachea). It tends to affect children who are under 6 years old, but more commonly found in children between the ages of 3 months to 3 years. This is because children’s airways are very small and more susceptible to viral inflammation.
Children and infants can often start off with a common cold, that develops into croup. Croup is characterised by a ‘barking’ cough, a hoarse voice and the child may have difficulty breathing. Sometimes a high-pitched noise that occurs when breathing is also present and is caused due to inflammation and a narrowing of the airways. This ‘barking’ cough often starts at night and is quite distinct.
“Children with croup may have a special type of noisy breathing called ‘stridor’ or a deep, barking cough that can start suddenly – often at night.”
Croup versus Asthma – What is the Difference?
Croup is characterised by the child having a ‘barking’ cough. This virus predominantly affects the upper airway. Croup is contagious and can spread via droplets from coughs and sneezes. Children can start off with a common cold for about two days, and then this can develop into noisy breathing. As children grow older, they tend to grow out of croup.
On the other hand, Asthma is a respiratory disease that affects both children and adults. Anyone with Asthma often wheezes or breathes heavily, and this can be confused with croup. This shortness of breath happens because the lower airways become inflamed and narrow, making it difficult to breathe.
With Asthma, there is no ‘barking’ cough associated with the symptoms as there is with Croup. Asthma is classed as a chronic disease, as it continues for a long period of time, in most instances for the person’s lifetime. Inhalers can be used to treat Asthma symptoms. Asthma is not contagious but can be triggered by infections and allergens.
Other Illnesses Similar to Croup
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) often leads to bronchiolitis or pneumonia in young children and older adults. RSA often starts off as a common cold with a runny nose, fever, sneezing etc. It can move into Croup within a few days.
Whooping Cough is a highly contagious respiratory infection and causes intense coughing, and then a high-pitched ‘whoop’ sound as the person inhales. It is spread when bacteria is transmitted through sneezing and coughing. It can affect people of all ages and if left untreated can lead to pneumonia. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect against this disease.
Pneumonia is caused by a virus or bacteria. It affects mostly the lower airway, and can affect all ages, but the young and old are most vulnerable. Key symptoms can include wet persistent cough, high fever, difficulty breathing and drowsiness.
What to do if you think your child has Croup?
If your child has any of these mild symptoms, seek medical attention. Book an appointment at the Valewood Clinic in Mulgrave, where the doctors will be able to examine your child and give you medical advice.
If your child is having difficulty breathing, or making loud sounds when breathing or looks pale and drowsy, call an ambulance (000) immediately.
If your child is diagnosed with Croup, what then?
As croup is a virus, antibiotics will not be effective. Over-the-counter cough and cold medications are not recommended. The Doctors may prescribe steroids to reduce the inflammation. However if the symptoms are severe, then your child may be admitted to hospital for treatment and observation.
If you suspect your child has Croup
Rest is important for any viral infection. Croup is no exception and if it’s a mild case, then ensure your child is hydrating, resting, and in a calm state. Sitting upright can make breathing easier, and monitor how they are interacting with you.
Keep your child home from childcare or school while they have all the symptoms like a runny nose, sneezing etc. Stay alert if your child’s condition worsens, particularly during the night, and remain nearby to monitor their condition. Should symptoms worsen, seek medical attention immediately.
Seasonal Impacts on your Child’s Health
Croup tends to impact children in the autumn and winter months. Colds and coughs also are more prevalent at that time of the year too.
To protect your child as much as possible, stay home if they’re not feeling well and practice good hand hygiene. Keep them rested and monitor them closely if you think an illness is starting.
When to Contact Valewood Clinic’s Reception
If your child has a persistent cough, and especially if it’s accompanied by other cough and cold symptoms, then seek medical attention at the clinic.
The Valewood Clinic team are ready to assist you. The doctors and medical staff are well equipped to deal with mild cases of Croup.
Ensure you let the Reception Team know that you are concerned about your child’s symptoms, particularly if they have worsened.
Should your child’s symptoms worsen, they show signs of respiratory distress or you are overly concerned about their state, call 000 for an ambulance immediately.
Call us on (03) 9560 6655 to book an appointment.
